Pharmacy Study Material

Free pharmacy material X-ray Diffractometry INTRODUCTION Max von Laue discovered in 1912 that crystalline substances act as diffraction gratings for X-ray wavelengths. This method is mainly used for the determination of the crystal structure and atomic spacing. X-rays are electromagnetic waves with shorter wavelengths. They are generated when the beam of light composed of high-velocity electrons from a heated filament impinge on a small target in a sealed diffraction tube. X-rays were first discovered by Roentgen within a wavelength range of 10 −7 to 10 −15 meters. X-ray waves production PRINCIPLE The main principle involved is the diffraction of X-ray by a crystalline sample. It is a non-destructive method which provides detailed information about the composition and crystallographic structure of crystals. The principle is given by the following flowchart. THEORY The theory is the diffraction which is based upon the internal structure of the crystals asse...